Company law ka basic principle hai separate legal entity – matlab company khud ek person hai law ke nazar me. Iska benefit ye hai ki shareholders/directors ki personal liability limited rehti hai. Lekin kuch extreme situations me court “corporate veil lift” karke direct individuals pe action le leti hai.
Ye tab hota hai jab company sirf ek sham / facade ban jaye – fraud cover karne ke liye, tax evade karne ke liye, creditors ko cheat karne ke liye. Shell companies jo sirf paper pe exist karte hain aur jinke through black money, benami property ya illegal routing hota hai, unpe veil lifting discussion common hai.
Courts dekhte hain:
- Kya company genuinely business kar rahi hai ya sirf conduit hai?
- Kya personal and company funds mix ho rahe hain?
- Kya company ke naam se intentionally illegal acts kiye gaye?
Aise cases me judge kehte hain: “We will look beyond the corporate mask” and real humans behind ko liable bana dete hain – civil + criminal both.
Entrepreneurs ke liye lesson: company structure ka misuse mat karo. Compliance + transparency maintain karoge to separate entity protection zyada strong rahega.
